国家战略部署、港口资源整合、市场发展波动、贸易摩擦不断……目前，沿海港口正处在复杂的外部性环境之中作为国际集装箱干线枢纽港的盐田港，也在新一波的浪潮中接受洗礼 从小渔村向国际都市的转变，深圳这座城市留下了不少传奇
National strategic deployment, port resource integration, market development fluctuations, trade frictions continue... At present, coastal ports are in a complex external environment. As an international container trunk hub port, Yantian port is also baptized in a new wave of waves. The transformation from a small fishing village to an international city has left a lot of legends in Shenzhen
而盐田港，从小渔村向世界级港口的华丽蜕变，就是其中浓墨重彩的一笔如今，盐田港在全球港口格局中已举足轻重，但一股新的浪潮正在迎面而来
当前，既有“一带一路”倡议、粤港澳大湾区建设等政策机遇，又面临着港航市场竞争激烈、中美贸易摩擦等不确定因素的挑战
同时，广东省港口资源整合已提上议事日程，盐田港如何站位又该如何在机遇与挑战中继续逐梦深蓝 近日，深圳市盐田港集团有限公司（以下简称盐田港集团）时任董事长童亚明就上述话题接受了《中国航务周刊》记者的专访
At the same time, the integration of port resources in Guangdong Province has been put on the agenda. How to stand in Yantian port and how to continue to pursue dreams in the face of opportunities and challenges. Recently, Tong Yaming, then chairman of Shenzhen Yantian Port Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Yantian Port Group), accepted an exclusive interview with the reporter of China Aviation weekly on the above topic
《中国航务周刊》：2017年，深圳市盐田港股份有限公司（以下简称盐田港股份）实现净利润高于营业收入的业绩，盐田港集团作为母公司，又取得了怎样的成绩呢 童亚明：盐田港集团持有上市公司盐田港股份67.37%，盐田港股份参股经营盐田国际（一、二期）码头和西港区码头公司等港口业务，因盐田港股份净利润大部分来自上述港口的投资收益，所以2017年盐田港股份的净利润是高于营业收入的
China Shipping weekly: in 2017, Shenzhen Yantian Port Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Yantian Port Co., Ltd.) achieved a performance of net profit higher than operating income. What achievements has Yantian Port Group made as the parent company? Tong Yaming: Yantian Port Group holds 67.37% of the shares of the listed company Yantian port, and Yantian Port shares participate in the operation of Yantian International (phase I and phase II) wharf and West Port Terminal Company and other port businesses, Since most of the net profit of Yantian Port shares came from the investment income of the above ports, the net profit of Yantian Port shares in 2017 was higher than the operating income
盐田港区由盐田港集团、盐田港股份、和记黄埔共同参与经营盐田港集团去年实现了营业收入13.98亿元，净利润11.50亿元的骄人成绩这很大一方面得益于，去年是集团的“提质增效”年，仓储、地产等业务经营效益得到进一步提高，并且其他各项投资也都取得了较好的成绩
Yantian port area is jointly operated by Yantian Port Group, Yantian Port shares and Hutchison Whampoa. Last year, Yantian Port Group achieved an operating revenue of 1.398 billion yuan and a net profit of 1.15 billion yuan. This is largely due to the "quality improvement and efficiency increase" of the group last year, the operating efficiency of warehousing, real estate and other businesses has been further improved, and other investments have also achieved good results
《中国航务周刊》：您刚才提到，盐田港集团去年的业绩主要是得益于土地开发与投资方面有业界人士认为盐田港集团没有实际的港口经营管理能力，那么事实是怎样的 童亚明：过去，很多人都认为盐田港集团只是港口土地的一级开发和综合配套服务商
China Shipping weekly: you just mentioned that the performance of Yantian Port Group last year was mainly due to land development and investment. Some people in the industry think that Yantian Port Group has no actual port operation and management ability. What is the fact? Tong Yaming: in the past, many people thought that Yantian Port Group was only a primary development and comprehensive supporting service provider of port land
事实上，近年来，集团经营方式和盈利模式已经向投资和运营并举转变我们是完全有港口经营管理能力的 盐田港集团已拥有自主开发建立的深汕特别合作区小漠国际物流港、湖北黄石新港、惠州荃湾煤炭港等三座控股经营港口，目前正在积极努力拓展新的区域港口业务
In fact, in recent years, the group's business mode and profit model have changed to both investment and operation. We are fully capable of port operation and management. Yantian Port Group has three holding ports independently developed and established, including Xiaomo International Logistics Port in Shenzhen Shantou Special Cooperation Zone, Hubei Huangshi new port and Huizhou Tsuen Wan coal port. At present, it is actively trying to expand new regional port business
以集团控股的长江港口湖北黄石新港为例，仅用了三年时间就克服了拆迁、阻工、建设运营交叉、汛期等重重困难现在已经初步形成了集散货、件杂、集装箱、危险品、多式联运业务功能于一体的现代化综合港区，其业务的复杂性和运营的难度都远大于盐田港
Taking Hubei Huangshi new port, the Yangtze River port controlled by the group, as an example, it took only three years to overcome many difficulties, such as demolition, obstruction of work, cross construction and operation, flood season and so on. Now it has initially formed a modern comprehensive port area integrating bulk cargo, miscellaneous cargo, containers, dangerous goods, and multimodal transport business functions. Its business complexity and operation difficulty are far greater than that of Yantian port
2017年，黄石新港全年完成吞吐量721万吨，实现营业收入7366万元，在内河港口数一数二，这足以证明我们的港口经营管理能力很多港口企业布局码头业务都是以吸收箱量为目的，而我们却在为地区的发展提供物流支撑
In 2017, Huangshi new port completed a throughput of 7.21 million tons and achieved an operating income of 73.66 million yuan, ranking first and second among inland ports, which is enough to prove our port operation and management ability. Many port enterprises layout their terminal business for the purpose of absorbing container volume, but we are providing logistics support for the development of the region
黄石新港为黄石这座资源枯竭型城市的产业转型提供了强有力的物流支撑，被中央电视台评价为“一座港口拯救一座城市” 《中国航务周刊》：您的介绍，会让业界对盐田港集团的港口运营管理能力有一个全新的认识那么随着近些年市场情况的变化，盐田港的港口业务正在发生哪些变化
Huangshi new port has provided strong logistics support for the industrial transformation of Huangshi, a resource exhausted city, and has been evaluated by CCTV as "one port saves one city". China Aviation weekly: your introduction will give the industry a new understanding of the port operation and management ability of Yantian Port Group. With the changes of market conditions in recent years, what changes are taking place in the port business of Yantian port
童亚明：一直以来，盐田港都是以重箱出口为业务中心，过去盐田港还有着内贸不做和只在吞吐能力空闲时做中转的两大业务特点目前为止，盐田港尚未做过一箱内贸业务，这在集装箱港口中非常少见但是，随着港航市场的变化，盐田港的业务也做出了相应的调整
Tong Yaming: for a long time, Yantian Port has always focused on the export of heavy containers. In the past, Yantian port also had two business characteristics of not doing domestic trade and only doing transit when the handling capacity is idle. So far, Yantian Port has not done a container domestic trade business, which is very rare in container ports. However, with the changes in the port and shipping market, the business of Yantian Port has also been adjusted accordingly
我们已经与和记黄埔共同收购了惠州国际集装箱码头，在那里我们将奋力拓展内贸业务 近年来，航运联盟越来越多，国际航线上的主力船舶也越来越大，18000TEU以上的超大型船舶越来越多，很多船公司选择共线共舱
We have jointly acquired Huizhou international container terminal with Hutchison Whampoa, where we will strive to expand domestic trade business. In recent years, there have been more and more shipping alliances, and the main ships on international routes have become larger and larger. There are more and more super large ships above 18000teu. Many shipping companies choose to share lines and spaces
这导致船公司普遍会在一个区域内选择一个枢纽港作为中转集散中心，因此中转业务变得十分重要 今年前8个月盐田港区的中转箱量同比增长超20%至108.5万TEU，但在总吞吐量占比并不高，约为10%左右，还有一定的发展空间
As a result, shipping companies generally choose a hub port in a region as the transit distribution center, so the transit business has become very important. In the first eight months of this year, the number of transit containers in Yantian port increased by more than 20% year-on-year to 1.085 million TEU, but the proportion of total throughput is not high, about 10% left and right, and there is still some room for development
毗邻的香港港作为国际中转枢纽，仍承担了该区域大部分的中转业务《中国航务周刊》：那么就近邻香港港而言，盐田港的竞争优势又在哪里如何错位发展 童亚明：作为自由港，香港港有着盐田港所不具备的政策优势 但是，盐田港的作业费用相对较低，这一优势尤其在节假日期间更加凸显，因为香港在节假日期间劳动力格外紧缺
As an international transit hub, the adjacent Hong Kong port still undertakes most of the transit business in the region. China Aviation weekly: so as far as the adjacent Hong Kong port is concerned, where is the competitive advantage of Yantian port? How to misplace the development? Tong Yaming: as a free port, Hong Kong Port has a policy advantage that Yantian port does not have. However, the operating cost of Yantian port is relatively low, which is more prominent during holidays, Because Hong Kong is particularly short of labor during holidays
另外，盐田港后方拥有大片的保税区和物流园区，这也使盐田港在某种程度上具备了中转、加工、再包装等自由港功能 目前来看，香港港中转箱量正在逐步减少，而盐田港正在逐步增加《中国航务周刊》：在“一带一路”倡议持续落地的过程中，你们又迎来了粤港澳大湾区建设的政策机遇
In addition, there are large bonded areas and logistics parks in the rear of Yantian port, which also makes Yantian port have the functions of free port such as transit, processing and repacking to some extent. At present, the transit container volume of Hong Kong port is gradually decreasing, and Yantian port is gradually increasing China Shipping weekly: in the process of the continuous implementation of the "the Belt and Road" initiative, you have ushered in the policy opportunity of the construction of Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Great Bay area
盐田港集团如何抢抓这一机遇，完成业务布局 童亚明：我们希望能够在粤港澳大湾区的国家战略部署下，与湾区内的港口企业充分合作就地理位置而言，盐田港与香港港更近，我们希望能够在此前的合作基础上，实现与香港港的业务交接，完成产业转移
How can Yantian Port Group seize this opportunity and complete its business layout Tong Yaming: we hope to fully cooperate with port enterprises in the bay area under the national strategic deployment of Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Great Bay area. In terms of geographical location, Yantian port is closer to Hong Kong port. We hope to achieve business handover with Hong Kong port and complete industrial transfer on the basis of previous cooperation
例如我前面提到的，在节假日期间，香港港可以将部分业务过渡到盐田港作业 另外，通过紧跟国家战略步伐，我们正以深圳盐田港区和大铲湾港区东西翼为核心，积极在沿带、沿路、沿江等经济体或区域布局，全力构建“大海港”体系
For example, as I mentioned earlier, during the holidays, Hong Kong port can transition part of its business to Yantian port. In addition, by keeping up with the pace of national strategy, we are taking the East and West wings of Shenzhen Yantian port area and dachanwan port area as the core, actively planning along the belt, road, river and other economies or regions, and making every effort to build a "big port" system
为此，我们还设立了三大投资平台 一是以集团本部为平台，积极布局“一带一路”沿线以及广东沿海港口目前已经初步达成埃及亚历山大港项目，并在积极探索马来西亚皇京港项目等投资机会广东沿海已布局有惠州荃湾煤炭港、深汕特别合作区小漠国际物流港等
To this end, we have also set up three investment platforms. First, taking the headquarters of the group as the platform, we have actively deployed the ports along the "the Belt and Road" and the coastal ports of Guangdong. At present, the Alexandria Port Project in Egypt has been preliminarily reached, and we are actively exploring investment opportunities such as the Huangjing port project in Malaysia. Huizhou Tsuen Wan coal port and Xiaomo International Logistics Port in the Shenzhen Shantou Special Cooperation Zone have been deployed along the coastal areas of Guangdong
二是以盐田港股份为投资平台积极布局长江经济带，湖北黄石新港已建成三是以大铲湾公司为平台探索延伸布局广西梧州港、贵港港等西江沿岸港口《中国航务周刊》：您提到湾区内港口的合作，目前，广东省港口整合已提上议事日程，盐田港集团将在港口整合中如何站位
Second, Yantian Port shares are used as an investment platform to actively layout the Yangtze River economic belt, and Huangshi new port in Hubei Province has been completed. Third, Dachan Bay Company is used as a platform to explore and extend the layout of Guangxi Wuzhou port, Guigang port and other ports along the West River. China Shipping Weekly: you mentioned the cooperation of ports in the bay area. At present, the port integration of Guangdong Province has been put on the agenda. How will Yantian Port Group stand in the port integration
您认为整合的关键是什么 童亚明：实现港口资源整合、发挥规模效应正逐渐成为发展趋势珠三角地区港口企业的股东成分相较于其他地区更加复杂，广东省港口资源整合也会是一个非常复杂的协调过程盐田港集团将在省委省政府和深圳市委市政府的指导下，站在建设粤港澳大湾区的高度，持续关注全省港口资源整合进度，积极参与
What do you think is the key to integration? Tong Yaming: realizing the integration of port resources and giving full play to the scale effect is gradually becoming a development trend. The shareholder composition of port enterprises in the Pearl River Delta region is more complex than that in other regions. The integration of port resources in Guangdong Province will also be a very complex coordination process. Yantian Port Group will stand at the height of building Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Great Bay District under the guidance of the provincial Party committee and provincial government and the Shenzhen Municipal Party committee and municipal government, Continue to pay attention to the progress of port resource integration in the province and actively participate in it
深圳的港口自改革开发以来就坚持“政企分开，市场化运作”的模式我认为，港口资源整合并不是要成立一个无所不包、无所不能、垄断一切的港口集团关键是要以控制无序竞争为目的，做好港口的布局，明确每个港口的自身定位与发展优势，规划各自发展方向，防止过度竞争以及产能过剩
The port of Shenzhen has adhered to the mode of "separation of government and enterprises and market-oriented operation" since the reform and development. I believe that the integration of port resources is not to establish an all inclusive, omnipotent and monopoly port group. The key is to do a good job in the layout of the port for the purpose of controlling disorderly competition, clarify the positioning and development advantages of each port, plan their own development direction, and prevent excessive competition and overcapacity
盐田港这样的深水大港，就应该定位为国际集装箱干线枢纽港《中国航务周刊》：生存不易，拓展更难今年上半年，中美贸易摩擦已对双边贸易产生影响，对盐田港集团造成了怎样的影响盐田港集团将如何面对这一挑战 童亚明：深圳是中国进出口总值最大的内地城市之一，且深圳港三分之二的对美出口量是由盐田港完成的
Yantian port, a large deep-water port, should be positioned as a hub port for international container trunk lines. China Shipping weekly: survival is not easy, and expansion is more difficult. In the first half of this year, Sino US trade friction has had an impact on bilateral trade. What impact has it had on Yantian Port group? How will Yantian Port Group face this challenge? Tong Yaming: Shenzhen is one of the mainland cities with the largest import and export value in China, And two thirds of the export volume of Shenzhen port to the United States is completed by Yantian port
中美之间的贸易摩擦事态还在发展中，很难预判它对我们的影响究竟有多大不过，目前中国整体的农产品进口已受到了较大的影响在这种情况下，盐田港集团与农业农村部推出了中东欧16+1农产品（电商）物流中心与展示馆，此举将大力促进中东欧农产品的进口，以降低贸易战的影响
The trade friction between China and the United States is still developing, and it is difficult to predict how much it will affect us. However, at present, China's overall agricultural imports have been greatly affected. In this case, Yantian Port Group and the Ministry of agriculture and Rural Affairs launched a 16+1 agricultural products (e-commerce) logistics center and exhibition hall in central and Eastern Europe, which will vigorously promote the import of agricultural products from central and Eastern Europe to reduce the impact of the trade war
同时，为应对中美贸易战，盐田港区及大铲湾港区将从三个领域着手加以应对一是继续完善港区配套设施，积极拓展内外贸航线，将腹地范围延伸至周边省市，全力提升业务量；二是提升码头服务质量，以高标准的服务稳固现有客户；三是充分发挥港区后方的物流中心、国家馆以及汽车、粮食、农产品、钢材等商贸项目资源优势，加强对码头业务支持
At the same time, in order to cope with the Sino US trade war, Yantian port area and dachanwan port area will respond from three areas: first, continue to improve the supporting facilities of the port area, actively expand domestic and foreign trade routes, extend the hinterland to surrounding provinces and cities, and strive to improve business volume; Second, improve the service quality of the wharf and stabilize existing customers with high standard services; Third, give full play to the resource advantages of logistics centers, national pavilions, automobile, grain, agricultural products, steel and other trade projects in the rear of the port area, and strengthen the support for Wharf business
相信盐田港有能力应对这次挑战，盐田港集团未来的发展也会越来越好
We believe that Yantian Port has the ability to cope with this challenge, and the future development of Yantian Port Group will be better and better